Predicting Stabilized Soil Mixture Proportions for 3D Printing: Preliminary Study Using the Design of Experiments Approach
Predicting Stabilized Soil Mixture Proportions for 3D Printing: Preliminary Study Using the Design of Experiments Approach
We are pleased to announce the publication of our latest research paper titled "Predicting Stabilized Soil Mixture Proportions for 3D Printing: Preliminary Study Using the Design of Experiments Approach" in the Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering (ASCE).
Abstract
3D printing with soil-based materials offers a sustainable alternative for low-cost, eco-friendly housing construction. However, determining optimal soil-binder mixture proportions that balance extrudability, buildability, and compressive strength remains a critical challenge. This study presents a preliminary application of the Design of Experiments (DoE) methodology to systematically analyze and predict the fresh and hardened properties of stabilized soil mixtures for 3D printing applications.
Key Findings
- Optimization: DoE models successfully identified optimal binder-to-soil and water-to-binder ratios for enhanced printable performance.
- Performance: Stabilized soil mixtures achieved sufficient green strength for multi-layer printing while maintaining targeted compressive strength.
- Sustainability: The study highlights the feasibility of utilizing locally available soils with minimal cementitious binder content, contributing to lower embodied carbon in construction.
Citation & Link
Matos, A. M., Emiroglu, M., & Milheiro, P. (2025). Predicting Stabilized Soil Mixture Proportions for 3D Printing: Preliminary Study Using the Design of Experiments Approach. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 37(12).